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1.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 37(1): 20-24, 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400791

ABSTRACT

Los nevos melanocíticos congénitos (NMC) son aquellos presentes al nacer o que se desarrollan durante los primeros dos años de vida. Hay muy pocos casos documentados de melanoma lentiginoso acral en asociación con nevos preexistentes en comparación a otros subtipos de melanoma. De éstos, la mayoría serían asociados a nevos melanocíticos adquiridos acrales (NMAA) y muy excepcionalmente asociados a nevos melanocíticos congénitos acrales (NMCA). Sin embargo, la extirpación de lesiones pigmentadas acrales congénitas es practicada con frecuencia y se desconocen los patrones dermatoscópicos más característicos, así como tampoco se disponen de algoritmos de seguimiento. A continuación, presentamos dos casos de NMCA con patrones dermatoscópicos característicos y realizamos una revisión de los patrones dermatoscópicos más comunes de NMCA descritos en la literatura.


Congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) are those present at birth or that develop during the first two years of life. There are very few documented cases of acral lentiginous melanoma in association with pre-existing nevi compared to other subtypes of melanoma. Of these, the majority would be associated with acral acquired melanocytic nevi (NMAA) and very exceptionally associated with acral congenital melanocytic nevi (NMCA). However, the excision of congenital acral pigmented lesions is frequently practiced and the most characteristic dermoscopic patterns are unknown, nor are there any follow-up algorithms. In the following, we present two cases of NMCA with characteristic dermoscopic patterns and a review of the most common dermoscopic patterns of NMCA described in the literature


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Dermoscopy , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/diagnosis
2.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(2): 200-205, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838037

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Background: Large congenital melanocytic nevus (LCMN) is considered a risk factor for melanoma, although the magnitude of this risk is controversial. Objective: To evaluate the risk of melanoma development in patients with LCMN seen at a dermatology referral center in Brazil during a twelve-year period. To the best of our knowledge, there are no published similar studies on large congenital melanocytic nevus in South America. Methods: Our prospective cohort included only patients with congenital nevi ≥20cm. The cumulative risk of developing melanoma and the standardized morbidity ratio were calculated for patients followed up prospectively for at least 1 month. Results: Sixty-three patients were enrolled in this study. One patient who developed melanoma prior to enrollment was excluded, and five were eliminated because of insufficient follow-up time. Mean follow-up for the remaining 57 patients was 5.5 years (median 5.2 years). Median age of entry into the study was 2.6 years. Most patients (75.4%) underwent only clinical observation. Melanomas occurred in 2 (3.5%) patients. Five-year cumulative risk for melanoma was 4.8% (95% CI: 1.9-11.5%). Standardized morbidity ratio was 1584 (95% CI: 266-5232, p<0.001). Study limitations: The small sample size reduces the accuracy of risk estimates. Conclusions: This study analyzed prospectively for the first time data from South America demonstrating that patients with LCMN have a higher risk of developing melanoma than the general population (p<0.001).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Skin Neoplasms/etiology , Melanoma/etiology , Nevus, Pigmented/complications , Referral and Consultation , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Follow-Up Studies , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital
3.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(2): 256-259, Mar.-Apr. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838054

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Although giant congenital melanocytic nevus is a rare lesion, it causes significant deformity and carries a risk of malignant degeneration. Different surgical techniques for the lesion removal are described, including serial resection, resection with skin grafting, and resection and coverage with expanded skin flap (skin expanders). The aim of this study is to report the author's 40 years of experience with cases requiring at least 4 serial excisions to complete the treatment. Serial resection is an effective, safe, and simple technique that requires a lot of patience. Treatment often results in a single linear scar, requires no donor sites, nor large flaps. It is not subject to potencial complications of expanders and avoid aesthetic deformities depending on the location.


Subject(s)
Humans , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Dermatologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Nevus, Pigmented/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/complications , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Time Factors , Tissue Expansion Devices , Nevus, Pigmented/complications , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital
5.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 8(2): 54-56, dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-997672

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los nevus melanocíticos son proliferaciones benignas de células névicas. Los nevus melanocíticos congénitos (NMC) representan el 1 por ciento del total y según su tamaño se clasifican en pequeños, medianos o gigantes. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: Paciente de sexo masculino, 6 años de edad, con NMC gigante en forma de traje de baño. Controlado en policlínico de Dermatología desde su nacimiento, se mantuvo en observación realizándose exámenes imagenológicos, biopsias de piel y nódulos. En reunión multidisciplinaria respecto al caso, se plantea tratamiento quirúrgico incisional por etapas. DISCUSIÓN: El manejo de los NMC es controversial, se describen múltiples terapias que incluyen escisión, dermoabrasión, ablación con láser, etc. Pero para disminuir el riesgo de malignización la única efectiva es la escisión, no siempre posible en los NMC gigantes. Para los NMC de pequeño o mediano tamaño se recomienda un manejo individualizado con evaluaciones periódicas con dermatoscopía. En el caso de los NMC gigantes la mayoría de los autores concuerda en una extirpación temprana agresiva para disminuir el riesgo de malignización. En el caso clínico expuesto, el paciente presenta factores de riesgo para las dos principales complicaciones, por lo que se plantea el tratamiento quirúrgico. La remoción completa frecuentemente necesita de escisión por partes, usando expansores de piel e injertos dérmicos. Independiente de la terapia que se elija hay que considerar la necesidad del apoyo psicológico en este tipo de lesiones.


INTRODUCTION: Melanocytic nevi are benign proliferations of nevus cells. Represent 1 percent of all melanocytic nevi and are classified by size into small, medium or giant. CASE REPORT: Male patient, 6-year-old with giant congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) as swimsuit. Controlled in the Department of Dermatology at birth, was kept under observation imaging tests, and skin biopsies performed nodules. In multidisciplinary meeting on the case, incisional surgical treatment arises in stages. DISCUSSION: The management of NMC is controversial; multiple therapies are described, including excision, dermabrasion, laser ablation, etc. But excision is the only way to reduce the risk of malignancy, not always possible in the giant NMC. NMC for small to medium size individualized management with periodic evaluations with dermoscopy is recommended. In the case of the giant NMC most authors agree on an aggressive early removal to reduce the risk of malignancy. In the case report, the patient had risk factors for the two major complications, so that surgical treatment is considered. Complete removal often requires cleavage by parts, using skin expanders and skin grafts. Independent of therapy you choose must consider the need for psychological support in this type of injury.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/diagnosis , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Nevus, Pigmented/surgery
6.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol ; 2014 May-Jun; 80(3): 243-246
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-154823

ABSTRACT

Giant congenital nevomelanocytic nevus (GCNN) is a rare variant of congenital melanocytic nevus measuring >20 cm in size that often has a garment-like distribution. Regular follow up is recommended because of a risk of melanoma transformation of 4.6%. We report a 14-year-old boy with gradual regression of giant congenital melanocytic nevus over the left upper limb, chest, back and axilla, whom we have followed-up since birth. At birth, a hyperpigmented jet-black patch without hair was present over the left side of torso and upper limb including palms and nails. Follow up at the ages of 1, 5, 11 and 14 years showed progressive spontaneous regression of the nevus resulting in shiny atrophic skin, diffuse hypopigmentation, lentigo-like macules, nodules and arthrogryphosis of affected areas. Histopathology of the lesions on follow-up revealed absence of pigmented nevus cells in the regressing areas and thickened sclerotic collagen bundles.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Arthrogryposis/pathology , Biopsy , Disease Progression , Humans , Lentigo/pathology , Male , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Remission, Spontaneous , Severity of Illness Index , Skin/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/pathology
8.
An. bras. dermatol ; 88(6,supl.1): 170-172, Nov-Dec/2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-696827

ABSTRACT

Agminated nevus is a cluster group of melanocytic nevi confined to a localized area of the body. There are many pigmented lesions described in the literature as agminated, such as blue nevi, multiple lentigines and Spitz nevi, but only a few cases of congenital agminated melanocytic nevi have been described. We report a case of a male child who presented with congenital agminated nevi, emphasizing the importance of physical examination, dermoscopy, histopathological evaluation, differential diagnosis and follow up to rule out the possibility of dysplastic or malignant changes.


Nevo agminado é um conjunto de lesões melanocíticas confinadas a uma área do corpo. Existem muitas lesões descritas na literatura como agminada s, como nevos azuis, lentigos múltiplos, nevo de Spitz, mas existem poucos casos de nevos melanocíticos agminados congênitos descritos. Relatamos o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino que se apresentou com um nevo agminado congênito, enfatizando a importância do exame físico, dermatoscopia, avaliação histológica, diagnóstico diferencial e seguimento para descartar a possibilidade de alterações displásicas ou malignas.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Biopsy , Dermoscopy , Diagnosis, Differential , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Pigmentation Disorders/congenital , Pigmentation Disorders/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Skin/pathology
9.
An. bras. dermatol ; 88(6): 863-878, Nov-Dec/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-699013

ABSTRACT

Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis), and have major psychosocial impact on the patient and his family due to its unsightly appearance. Giant congenital melanocytic nevus generally presents as a brown lesion, with flat or mammilated surface, well-demarcated borders and hypertrichosis. Congenital melanocytic nevus is primarily a clinical diagnosis. However, congenital nevi are histologically distinguished from acquired nevi mainly by their larger size, the spread of the nevus cells to the deep layers of the skin and by their more varied architecture and morphology. Although giant congenital melanocytic nevus is recognized as a risk factor for the development of melanoma, the precise magnitude of this risk is still controversial. The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%. On account of these uncertainties and the size of the lesions, the management of giant congenital melanocytic nevus needs individualization. Treatment may include surgical and non-surgical procedures, psychological intervention and/or clinical follow-up, with special attention to changes in color, texture or on the surface of the lesion. The only absolute indication for surgery in giant congenital melanocytic nevus is the development of a malignant neoplasm on the lesion.


O nevo melanocítico congênito gigante é, geralmente, definido como lesão melanocítica presente ao nascimento e que atinge, no mínimo, 20 cm de diâmetro na vida adulta. Sua incidência é estimada em menos de 1:20.000 recém-nascidos. Contudo, apesar de sua raridade, possui importância tanto por estar associado a complicações graves, como o melanoma maligno e o acometimento do sistema nervoso central (melanose neurocutânea), quanto pelo grande impacto psicossocial que ocasiona no paciente e nos familiares, devido a seu aspecto comumente inestético. O nevo congênito gigante, geralmente, apresenta-se como lesão acastanhada, plana ou elevada, de bordas bem definidas e com hipertricose, e seu diagnóstico é eminentemente clínico. Do ponto de vista histológico, porém, os nevos melanocíticos congênitos são diferenciados dos nevos adquiridos, principalmente pelo seu tamanho maior, pela disseminação das células névicas para as camadas mais profundas da pele e pela sua arquitetura e morfologia mais variadas. O nevo congênito gigante é considerado fator de risco para o desenvolvimento do melanoma. Todavia, a real incidência de malignização ainda é controversa. Estima-se que o risco de melanoma ao longo da vida esteja entre 5 e 10%. Diante dessas incertezas e do tamanho das lesões, a abordagem do nevo gigante representa um desafio e deve ser individualizada. O tratamento pode incluir procedimentos cirúrgicos ou não cirúrgicos, intervenções psicológicas e/ou acompanhamento clínico, com atenção a mudanças de coloração, superfície ou textura do nevo. Considera-se que a única indicação absoluta para a intervenção cirúrgica é o surgimento de uma neoplasia maligna sobre a lesão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Melanoma/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/therapy , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Disease Progression , Melanoma/pathology , Melanoma/therapy , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/therapy
10.
An. bras. dermatol ; 87(2): 288-291, Mar.-Apr. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622429

ABSTRACT

A giant congenital melanocytic nevus represents a rare condition. The halo phenomenon may be seen in congenital or acquired melanocytic nevi. In the literature, association of halo nevus and giant congenital melanocytic nevus is rare and the association of both with vitiligo even more rare. A 75-yearold woman at first consultation complained of a hyperchromic bluish-brown hairy macula on the lower back, buttocks and thighs present since birth and an achromic halo of onset three years ago. The histological features were consistent with congenital melanocytic nevus and halo nevus, respectively. After two years the patient developed achromic areas in normal skin, histologically consistent with vitiligo. The authors emphasize the rarity of this triple combination, the patient's age and the absence of malignant degeneration to date.


Nevo melanocitico congênito gigante constitui uma condição rara. O fenômeno halo pode ser observado em nevos melanocíticos congênitos ou adquiridos. Na literatura a associação nevo halo e nevo melanocítico congênito gigante é rara e a associação de ambos com vitiligo ainda mais rara. Mulher de 75 anos que à primeira consulta apresentava mácula hipercrômica castanho-azulada pilosa na região lombar, nádegas e coxas desde o nascimento e halo acrômico de aparecimento há 3 anos. Os histológicos foram compatíveis com nevo melanocítico congênito e nevo halo respectivamente. Após dois anos evoluiu com áreas de acromia à distância, com histológico de vitiligo. Os autores ressaltam a raridade desta tripla associação; a idade da paciente e a ausência de degeneração maligna até o presente momento.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Nevus, Halo/complications , Nevus, Pigmented/complications , Skin Neoplasms/complications , Vitiligo/complications , Nevus, Halo/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Vitiligo/pathology
11.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 26(3): 407-410, July-Sept. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-608197

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The shortage of tissue for large defect reconstruction is a challenge for the plastic surgeon. Tissue expansion emerged in this context, and in the last 30 years has become one of the most widely used modalities in reconstructive surgery. Tissue expansion is a very versatile technique that can be performed in patients of all ages for the correction of different pathologies. The most common indications are burn sequelae and giant congenital nevus. The present study describes the indications and use of tissue expanders at the Hospital de Clínicas of Universidade Federal do Paraná. METHODS: Patients who underwent tissue expansion for reconstructive surgery between January 2005 and December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 24 patients (70.8 percent female and 29.2 percent male) were analyzed. Ages ranged from 3 to 46 years old (average, 17.1 years). The most common indication for tissue expansion was the treatment of burn sequelae (62.5 percent), mainly in the head and neck. Alopecia was the second most prevalent indication (29.2 percent), followed by scar retraction in the neck (20.8 percent). Other indications were giant congenital melanocytic nevus (16.7 percent), Poland's syndrome (8.3 percent), abdominal scar (8.3 percent), and amastia (4.2 percent). Complications developed in 11 patients, and the highest incidence of complications, reported in 8 (72.7 percent) patients, was among those with burn sequelae as the primary pathology. The complications were infection, rupture, extrusion, wound dehiscence, and displacement of the expander. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue expansion is indicated for the treatment of several diseases among which burn sequelae is one of the most common indications.


INTRODUÇÃO: A escassez de tecidos para reconstrução de grandes defeitos é um desafio ao cirurgião plástico. Nesse contexto, surgiu a expansão tecidual, que, nos últimos 30 anos, se tornou uma das modalidades mais utilizadas na cirurgia reparadora. A expansão é uma técnica muito versátil, que pode ser realizada em todas as idades e para correção de diferentes afecções. As principais indicações são sequelas de queimadura e nevo congênito gigante. Este estudo teve como objetivo demonstrar as indicações na utilização dos expansores tissulares e sua evolução em pacientes do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo, incluindo pacientes submetidos a expansão tecidual para cirurgia reconstrutora, no período de janeiro 2005 a dezembro 2009. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 24 pacientes, sendo 70,8 por cento do sexo feminino e 29,2 por cento do sexo masculino. A idade variou entre 3 anos e 46 anos (média de 17,1 anos). A principal indicação de expansão tecidual foi o tratamento de sequelas de queimaduras (62,5 por cento), principalmente na região da cabeça e do pescoço. Alopecia foi a indicação mais prevalente (29,2 por cento), seguida por retração cicatricial em região cervical (20,8 por cento). Outras indicações foram nevo melanocítico congênito gigante (16,7 por cento), síndrome de Poland (8,3 por cento), cicatriz abdominal (8,3 por cento) e amastia (4,2 por cento). Entre os pacientes avaliados, 11 evoluíram com alguma complicação, 8 (72,7 por cento) dos quais tinham como doença primária sequela de queimaduras, demonstrando maior incidência de complicações em relação às outras indicações. As complicações encontradas foram: infecção, ruptura, extrusão, deiscência de sutura e deslocamento do expansor. CONCLUSÕES: A expansão tissular é indicada no tratamento de múltiplas doenças e uma das principais indicações continua sendo o tratamento de sequelas de queimaduras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , History, 21st Century , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Evaluation Study , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Burns , Burns/surgery , Burns/therapy , Tissue Expansion Devices , Tissue Expansion Devices/adverse effects , Tissue Expansion , Tissue Expansion/adverse effects , Tissue Expansion/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Alopecia , Alopecia/surgery , Nevus, Pigmented , Nevus, Pigmented/surgery , Nevus, Pigmented/complications , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/therapy
12.
An. bras. dermatol ; 84(2): 129-135, mar.-abr. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-515915

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTOS: a classificação dos nevos melanocíticos congênitos (NMC) e a magnitude do risco de transformação em melanoma são ainda polêmicos.OBJETIVOS: Analisar o perfil dos NMC em crianças e adolescentes no IPPMG-UFRJ segundo sexo, cor, idade, tipo clínico, localização e evolução. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal de coorte retrospectivo e prospectivo de 1994 a 2007; amostrade demanda espontânea e referida.RESULTADOS: 30 crianças e 30 adolescentes apresentaram 74 NMC: 60,8% (pequenos), 27% (médios),5,4% (grandes) e 6,7% (gigantes), sendo que 45,9% no sexo masculino e 54% no sexo feminino e 45,9% em brancos e 54,% em não brancos. Sexo e cor não influenciaram o tipo clínico. Dentre os pequenos e médios, 27,1% apresentaram-se no tórax e 23% na cabeça e pescoço; os grandes e gigantes no pólo cefálico, região cervical, linha média posterior e membros; 28,3% foram seguidos por mais de 10 anos,47,3% entre três e nove anos e 24,3% por tempo inferior a três anos. Os NMC pequenos e médios se mantiveram inalterados; um grande e dois gigantes mostraram clareamento; nenhum caso desenvolveu melanoma. CONCLUSÃO: distribuição homogênea entre brancos/não brancos e sexo masculino/ feminino. O sexo e a cor não tiveram relação com o tipo clínico; os NMC pequenos predominaram com localização preferencial no tronco.


BACKGROUND: The classification of the congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) and the magnitude of the risk of transformation into melanoma are still controversal. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the profile of the CMN in the child and teenager at IPPMG-UFRJ according to sex, skin colour, age, clinical type, locations and evolution. METHODS: Longitudinal study of retrospective and prospective cohort from 1994 to 2007. Aleatoric sample from spontaneous or referal demand. Results: 30 children and 30 teenagers showed 74 nevi: 60,8% (small), 27% (medium), 5,4% (large) and 6,7% (giant); from these, 45,9% were in the male sex and 54% in the female sex. There were 45,9% in whiteand 54% in non-white. Sex and skin colour didn’t influence the clinical type. Among the small and medium nevi, 27,1% were located in the trunk, 23% in the head and neck; the large and giant ones in the head, neck, back and limbs; 28,3% were attended for more than 10 years, 47,3% between three and nine years and 24,4% for a time below three years; the small and medium CMN kept unchanged. The fading of the lesion was observed in one large and in two giant CMN. No cases of melanoma were observed. CONCLUSION: An homogeneous distribution among white/non white and male/female; the sex and the ethnic group did not influence the clinical type; the small CMN was the most frequent clinical type mainly in the trunk.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Melanoma/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/congenital , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Cohort Studies , White People , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Melanoma/classification , Melanoma/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/classification , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Sex Distribution , Sex Factors , Skin Pigmentation , Skin Neoplasms/classification , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Young Adult
13.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-652044

ABSTRACT

Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 33 años con historia de lesión névica desde el nacimiento que presentó crecimiento progresivo. Se realizó biopsia de la lesión la cual reportó melanoma asociado a nevus melanocítico de patrón congénito. Se describen los hallazgos histopatológicos de la lesión.


Subject(s)
Melanoma/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital
14.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol ; 2006 May-Jun; 72(3): 245-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-53041
15.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 21(4): 297-300, 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-433891

ABSTRACT

El melanoma es el principal responsable de las muertes por cáncer de piel en el mundo y su incidencia se ha duplicado en los últimos 25 años. Del total de los melanomas en piel, un 0,5 por ciento a un 4 por ciento ocurre en niños, lo que constituye entre el 1 por ciento a 3 por ciento del total de las enfermedades malignas de la infancia. Sólo un 0,3 por ciento-0,9 por ciento de los melanomas aparecen antes de la pubertad, pero cada vez son más frecuentes. No hay diferencias por sexo. Tanto la ubicación (tronco), el tipo histológico (extensivo superficial), tratamiento y sobrevida relativa son similares a los de los adultos. Hasta un 47 por ciento puede ser asociada a nevos (15 por ciento-22 por ciento a nevos melanocíticos congénitos y entre un 3 por ciento-25 por ciento, a nevos melanocíticos adquiridos). El riesgo de malignización de un nevo melanocítico congénito gigante es mayor y mejor documentado y va desde un 1 por ciento-31 por ciento promedio 8,5 por ciento. Para los nevos melanocíticos pequeños y medianos es cercano a un 3 por ciento y la aparición es sobre la tercera década. La malignización ocurre tanto en el componente de unión como en el dérmico del nevo congénito gigante y no en satelitosis acrales. Hay controversias sobre el manejo de nevos melanocíticos congénitos. Otros factores de riesgo son estados de inmunosupresión, como xeroderma pigmentoso o linfoma con hasta un 9,4 por ciento de asociación. El melanoma puede clasificarse en congénito, infantil (ambos muy raros y de mal pronóstico) y de la niñez.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Melanoma/congenital , Melanoma/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/complications , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Melanoma/therapy , Nevus, Pigmented/therapy
17.
Neurol India ; 2003 Dec; 51(4): 541-3
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-120812

ABSTRACT

A case of multiple giant congenital melanocytic naevi in whom central nervous system melanosis was detected at 6 weeks of age is described. The infant was asymptomatic, but presence of risk factors such as multiple naevi, giant naevi and naevi on scalp and posterior axial location prompted a magnetic resonance imaging study of the brain. To our knowledge, neurocutaneous melanosis at such a young age has not been reported in Indian literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Melanosis/congenital , Neurocutaneous Syndromes/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Skin Neoplasms/congenital
18.
Pediatr. día ; 18(2): 13-17, mayo-jun. 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-390379

ABSTRACT

Los nevos melanocítos congénitos (NMC) constituyen un importante grupo de lesiones pigmentarias en los niños por su elevada prevalencia y por el compromiso funcional y estético que producen. Según su tamaño, pueden clasificarse en pequeños, medianos y gigantes. Éstos últimos, los menos frecuentes, en un alto porcentaje se asocian a melanosis neurocutánea, cuadro de mal pronóstico neurológico y vital.Los NMC gigantes, y recientemente los pequeños, se consideran lesiones precursoras de melanoma maligno cutáneo, por lo tanto, el tratamiento de elección es la resección completa. El riesgo de transformación maligna de los NMC medianos aún se desconoce.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Nevus, Pigmented/complications , Nevus, Pigmented/congenital , Nevus, Pigmented/diagnosis , Nevus, Pigmented/epidemiology , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/therapy , Skin Neoplasms
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